Starting an import–export business in India has become one of the most profitable opportunities for entrepreneurs in 2025. With India’s rapidly growing global trade network, simplified export policies, and massive demand for Indian products, many businesses—small and large—are entering the international market.
If you are planning to start your own import–export business, this easy, step-by-step guide will help you understand everything you need to begin your journey, even if you are a complete beginner.
Why Start an Import–Export Business in India?
Before you begin, it’s important to understand why exports and imports are booming in 2025:
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India is one of the world’s largest producers of textiles, spices, seafood, and pharmaceuticals.
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There is huge global demand for organic and sustainable products.
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Government schemes like MEIS, RoDTEP, and SEIS support exporters.
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E-commerce platforms and global B2B marketplaces make it easier to find international buyers.
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Export business offers high profit margins and long-term growth.
Whether you want to trade organic fish, masala, textiles, or machinery, the opportunities in India are endless.
Step-by-Step Guide to Start an Import–Export Business in India
Step 1: Decide Your Import or Export Product
The first and most crucial step is selecting the right product. Your success will depend on demand, competition, and profitability.
Tips for choosing a profitable product:
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Research global trending products (e.g., organic spices, seafood, handicrafts, pharma).
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Identify your area of expertise or interest.
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Check export restrictions and certifications required.
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Analyze competitors and pricing on international platforms like Alibaba, Indiamart, and TradeIndia.
A clear product strategy will help you build a strong brand and find reliable buyers.
Step 2: Register Your Business Legally
To start an import–export company in India, you need to register your business with the Government of India.
Common business registration types:
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Sole Proprietorship
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Partnership Firm
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LLP (Limited Liability Partnership)
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Private Limited Company
For beginners, Proprietorship and LLP are the simplest options. For bigger plans, go for Private Limited Company.
Step 3: Apply for Import Export Code (IEC)
An Import Export Code (IEC) is mandatory to export or import goods in India. It is issued by the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT).
Documents required for IEC:
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PAN Card
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Aadhar Card
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Bank account details
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Address proof
You can apply online through DGFT’s website, and the IEC is usually approved within 24–48 hours.
Step 4: Get Your GST Registration
If you want to trade within India or provide goods/services for export, you will need GST Registration.
Although GST is not mandatory for exports, it helps you claim refunds and input credits.
Step 5: Open a Current Bank Account
A dedicated current account in the company name is essential for handling international transactions, receiving overseas payments, and maintaining business transparency.
Step 6: Understand Export Policies and Documentation
Exporting involves certain documentation and compliance. Understanding them will help avoid delays at customs.
Important export documents include:
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Commercial Invoice
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Packing List
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Bill of Lading / Airway Bill
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Certificate of Origin
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Phytosanitary Certificate (for food items)
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Marine Insurance
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Export License (for restricted items)
For organic products like masala or fish, additional certifications may be required.
Step 7: Find International Buyers
This is one of the most important steps for beginners. Luckily, today it’s easier than ever to connect with international buyers.
Where to find buyers:
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Global B2B portals (Alibaba, Tradekey, GlobalSources)
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Indian export portals (Indiamart, TradeIndia, ExportersIndia)
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LinkedIn networking
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Export Promotion Councils
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International trade fairs
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Digital marketing and website SEO
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Social media platforms
Step 8: Finalize Pricing & Payment Terms
When dealing with international buyers, pricing must include many components:
Cost factors to consider:
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Manufacturing cost
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Packaging cost
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Shipping charges
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Customs clearance fees
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Profit margin
Also, decide the Incoterms, such as:
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FOB (Free on Board)
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CIF (Cost, Insurance, Freight)
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EXW (Ex Works)
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DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)
Secure payment methods:
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Advance Payment
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Letter of Credit (LC)
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Bank Transfer (TT)
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Escrow Services
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PayPal (for small orders)
Always prioritize secure payment practices to avoid fraud.
Step 9: Shipping & Logistics Planning
After the order is confirmed, choose the right logistics partner.
Types of Export Shipping:
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Sea Freight – Best for bulk goods, low-cost
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Air Freight – Fastest, higher cost
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Courier Services – For small samples or small shipments
Choose reliable shipping partners like DHL, FedEx, Maersk, or local freight forwarders.
Step 10: Complete Customs Clearance
Your freight forwarder and customs agent will help manage documentation, packaging standards, and customs formalities.
Key customs requirements include:
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Product inspection
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Payment verification
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Certificate of Origin
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Export duty (if applicable)
Once approved, your goods are ready for global delivery!
Government Support for Exporters in India
The Government of India offers several schemes to promote exports:
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RoDTEP Scheme – Refund of taxes paid on exported goods
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MEIS Scheme – Merchandise Export incentives
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EPCs (Export Promotion Councils) – Buyer connections & certification support
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Market Access Initiative – Marketing support for exporters
Joining the relevant EPC can open huge opportunities for new exporters.
Common Mistakes Beginners Should Avoid
Many new exporters fail because they make avoidable mistakes:
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Choosing products without research
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Not verifying international buyers
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Poor-quality packaging
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Ignoring certifications
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Wrong pricing strategy
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Lack of digital presence
Avoid these mistakes to build a long-lasting export brand.
Conclusion
Starting an import–export business in India is one of the most rewarding opportunities in 2025. With the right product selection, proper documentation, strong buyer relationships, and knowledge of export policies, anyone—from small entrepreneurs to large companies—can succeed in global trade.
By following this step-by-step guide, you can confidently begin your export journey and participate in India’s booming international market.
If you’re ready to take the next step, start small, research well, and build your network. The global market has endless potential—your export business can grow faster than you imagine!